Marcus Garvey

Marcus Mosiah Garvey Jr. (17 August 1887 – 10 June 1940) was a Jamaican political activist, founder, and first President-General of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL). Garvey, a black nationalist and Pan-Africanist, is known for his ideology called Garveyism. Born into a prosperous Afro-Jamaican family, Garvey worked in the print trade and became involved in trade unionism before living in Costa Rica, Panama, and England. In 1914, he founded the UNIA in Jamaica and later established a branch in New York City's Harlem district. Garvey campaigned for African unity, the end of European colonial rule in Africa, and the political unification of the African diaspora.